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Hello again

I'm welcome back to britain under the microscope

欢迎又回到闲话英文

Hello

Allaand

Hello everybody

And we're still on the topic of history of english

So in the last show

We moved on from angelo saxson to normal invasion

Normal invasion and then from old english to middle english

And the question is why is the whole world learning english now

嗯

How did it become a world language

Now the in the sixteen century

Yeah

Last time we were in the fifteen century

Where where things started to get printed in english

And it became an official language

So now in the sixteen century

Um english started to grow

This was the era of the renaissongs when you 兴哼fuum

I limost chinese

Especially

People who listen to this show

Will know what the renae issons is about

Yeah Yeah

Absolutely

It's the era of science

Medicine technology

It's

It's when when started to develop as the print imppress was used more

And knowledge was more available

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So at this time

People started looking back to ancient greece and ancient rome

Yes

So latin words came in the english

Oh

So that was the time

Then people started to think that the ancient roms and the ancient greek they have the best

Yes

Ah so at this time

Latin was the language oyour university educated people throughout europe

Used there as a lguor franka

A lguage franka

Linguafranca is this a latin word

Itself this is a lguard franka is a language used by people of different languages

Who speak different languages to communicate with each other

So for example

Nowadays

English is a lingufranka

It could be used by people

Whose mother isn't english

嗯 In this

I would like to say a lot of people especially in china

When you're learning english

You think i need to talk to native speakers

Ers

But in real life

In your real work

More likekely you be talking to people

Whose native language is not english

And therefore you will be using english as a language franka 叫通用语或者混合语

嗯哼

So back then that's in was the language of education

So back then greek became very important

And even though that greek only has five percent words in english

There's still very important words about studying subjects come from greek

Anything with agy yeah

Biarchology

Psyology

Psychology

Philosophy yeah

And also history

Geography

Biology and these all come from greek

And how many words above into english from latin around twenty eight percent

Twenty eight percent

I guess that's why if you're preparing for a more difficult test like gre for example tofo or iods a lot of you probably have learned degreeand latin roots

在中国考一些比较难的事的时候

大家都会背这个拉丁词根和希腊词根

嗯

But it was also this time that england became a trade in nation

Trade and business became very so engso lilish ps starts to travel the world and to trade with other countries

What's this the time that english started to borrow or getting influenced or starting to influence other languages

Yeah

So you talk about it in one of your previous shows

之前我做过一次so long words in english

叫英语里的外来语

Ah so for example

Our big words like alcohol chemistry sugar

The ah that come from our

Our big arabic

所以是从阿拉伯u 里借

借了一次alcohol chemistry sugar and zero yeah

And also from a language call navattle

Where was that language originated

This was the language of the asthacks in mexico 兹特克

Adso that's in modern atlain america

Yeah so chilly

Chocolate

Tomato come from this language that was very interesting

This must be the things

They

They've been trading yeah

Chilly 呃

辣椒

Chocolate and tomato

Because they were native produce of of of that part of the world

Yeah so english is not like languages

Maybe like chinese

Where you would invent a new word to describe something in english

We would just take the word from the existing language

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直接用well 来

And any other examples english also borrowed from chinese

Then it absolutely so we well let's have a little quiz

Um

I'm going to say some words in english that come from chinese

And see if you know what they are okay

I should i probably know the english

But let's see if we can go back to what chinese they brought from okay so in ongson johnsson this i know think it's 长衫嗯哼

Sometimes people think of it as 旗袍

But i think it's just the traditional chinese attire

Yeah so in english

It's most stortal 的琼sson cocotal cotel is 叩头

磕头

嗯哼嗯哼

Catch up

Why know what catch up is everyone knows catch up is the tomato sauce

However i don't really know what chinese words they came from well the chinese words it come from seven dialeclike like aninese for example canananies or came from so what was the original 茄子

Okay the 番茄茄茄子

嗯哼

Kay that's a bit of a stretch

And ah

And also mojm 将muwhat what else 泰i 啊太极

This is easy tofu 豆腐

Dim sung

Dim sung h

This is from kananse se 点

嗯ah h 式的这种点心

Yeah

And also so typhoon

哦

Typhoon was from chinese

Uh

I always thought it was the other way round

Oh

That's very interesting so english one of reasons

Why we had such a large for capital is that we always borrow words with other languages

Um

Sometimes we change the pronuncciation

Sometimes we don't um

I think good to some extand similar in chinese

We also have long words

So by borring a lot of words from other languages

English must have a really big vocabulary

Absolutely the issue is no one really knows how big the vocabulary is

And it's still growing

And it's still wing

Some people have have bunand fifty thousand words

Some some people said seven hundred and fifty thousand words

Lately i saw another set of statistics saying it's already over a million yeah

Some people even counts it to one point five million words

Wow

This is one of reasons

Why english focuses on poposiall all our words have very very preprecimemeanons

This is a little bit different from chinese

In chinese we have a more 暧昧或者不可言传的use

But in english you have more precise words for things

Now this might sound like a piece bad news for learners of english is you know memorizing even more vocabulary

But how much do we actually need the students often ask me know the averds

Do i actually need to know

To be able to speak engliwell the average englilispespeak um knows between twelve thousand to twenty five thousand words

That is native business

That's an native speaker

So an educated native speaker would know around probably twenty thousand words to twenty five thousand to twenty five thousand

But that esn't sound too much

Especially

If you consider it's native speakers

And this is all the words

They know how many words to people actually using daily life in daily conversation

We probably only use about five thousand words

Five thousand or that's good news

So all of if you out there

If you can learn five six thousand words

You should be able to speak with no problem

Um absolutely

But as i said before english is a very precise language

So it's always very important to recognize exactly what that word means

嗯

How to use

Use worword in senttexactly tly context

X context and also colaliications as well

嗯

特别是固定搭配比较重要

你是alright

So we will stop here okay for this episode and next episode

Let's look at some of the other english speaking countries like the united states now is that different absolutely

Next next episode

We're going to start moving on to the seventeen and eighteen centuries

The ea of the british empmpire and all the different versions of english that started to emerge right

So until next time we see you next time bye